TFT LCD (Thin-Film-Transistor Liquid Crystal Display) technology is characterized by a sandwich-like structure composed of liquid crystal material sandwiched between two glass panels. Two polarizer filters, color filters (RGB, red/green/blue), and two alignment layers all work together to precisely control the amount of light that passes through and the colors that are formed.

Each pixel in an active matrix is coupled to a transistor that incorporates a capacitor, which enables each sub-pixel to keep its charge rather than requiring an electrical charge to be transmitted each time it is altered. The TFT layer regulates the passage of light. A color filter renders the color, while the top layer contains the visible screen.

Using an electrical charge to cause the liquid crystal material to change its molecular structure, allowing for the passage of multiple wavelengths of backlight. The TFT display's active matrix is constantly changing and refreshing in response to the incoming signal from the control device.

The pixels on TFT displays are defined by the color matrix's underlying density (resolution) and the TFT layout. The greater the number of pixels, the more information is possible. TFT displays are defined by their available screen size, power consumption, resolution, and interface (how they connect).

The pixels on TFT displays are defined by the color matrix's underlying density (resolution) and the TFT layout. The greater the number of pixels, the more information is possible. TFT displays are defined by their available screen size, power consumption, resolution, and interface (how they connect).

Because TFT displays do not emit light in the same way as OLED displays do, they must be used in conjunction with a backlight of white strong light to generate the image. By design, newer panels use LED backlights (light emitting diodes) to provide their light, consuming less power and requiring less depth.

TFT displays modules consist of a TFT display screen, an LED backlight, and associated hardware.

Innovative TFT Technologies

TFT LCD technology formerly had concerns with viewing angle and response time. Due to advancements in TFT LCD panel technology and the use of IPS (in-plane switching) displays, we no longer see these types of concerns on the market.

For future development, TFT LCDs will become larger (146 inches by Samsung at CES'19), higher resolution (8K 7680 4320 pixels), faster, with wide viewing angles of 170 degrees, a high contrast ratio suitable for the most demanding aviation computer monitors, and a high image quality suitable for the most critical medical surgery monitors when combined with PCAP (capacitive touch screen).